Comparación del uso del tiempo entre mujeres y hombres indígenas según situación conyugal y escolaridad

Claudia Alejandra Hernández Herrera

doi:10.36881/ma.v3i1.901

Autores/as

Claudia Alejandra Hernández Herrera Maestría en Administración, Instituto Politécnico Nacional https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4060-2941

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36881/ma.v3i1.901

Palabras clave:

pueblos indígenas, pobreza de tiempo, trabajo no remunerado, uso del tiempo, desigualdad de género

Resumen

El objetivo de la investigación es identificar las posibles variaciones en relación al tiempo que dedican mujeres y hombres indígenas jóvenes y adultos de mediana edad con relación a las actividades como la producción de bienes de consumo del hogar, la preparación de alimentos, la limpieza de la vivienda, el cuidado de la ropa y el cuidado de las infancias, contrastando con su situación conyugal y el nivel de escolaridad. Es un estudio cuantitativo que emplea datos obtenidos en la Encuesta Nacional de Uso del Tiempo del año 2021, generada por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía de México, en el que se aplicaron los modelos lineales generalizados. Los resultados muestran que las mujeres indígenas, en comparación con los hombres indígenas, experimentan una mayor pobreza de tiempo. Las mujeres que indicaron estar casadas o vivir en unión libre son quienes dedican significativamente más tiempo a tareas como la recolección de leña, acarrear agua, elaborar tortillas, preparar alimentos, limpiar el hogar y cuidar a los niños. Por otro lado, los hombres invierten menos tiempo en estas actividades, lo que revela una marcada desigualdad en la distribución de las responsabilidades domésticas y laborales dentro de las comunidades indígenas. Se concluye que es necesario visibilizar el trabajo no remunerado en las comunidades indígenas, con el propósito de sensibilizar sobre la situación real que aqueja a las mujeres y niñas, quienes padecen la pobreza de tiempo, lo que complica su acceso a otras esferas que permitan su crecimiento.

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